The general law of furnace loading

1) For carbon steel, low-alloy steel, and non-ferrous metals with a cross-sectional dimension of less than 200mm, except for high-alloy steel and special steel, billets have better plasticity and thermal conductivity than steel ingots. Generally, high-temperature direct furnace loading and rapid heating are used.

2) For medium and high alloy steel and special steel billets and steel ingots with cross-sectional dimensions> 200mm, two-stage heating or three-stage heating is used according to their size and thermal conductivity. In the three-stage heating process, heat preservation is carried out at the furnace loading temperature of 400 ~ 700 ℃, slowly heat up to 800 ℃ and then heat preservation, and then quickly heat to the initial forging temperature to prevent cracks due to poor thermal conductivity.

Steel ingots are divided into hot ingots and cold ingots. The so-called hot ingot refers to the steel ingot after casting, it is transported from the steel casting workshop to the forging workshop, directly loaded into the furnace for heating, the surface temperature of the steel ingot is above 550 ℃; the surface temperature is below 500 ℃, called cold ingot. Hot steel ingots can be quickly heated to the initial forging temperature and can be forged after heat preservation. Where conditions permit, hot steel ingot forging should be used as far as possible. This not only shortens the heating time, reduces the oxidation loss, saves fuel, and at the same time avoids the defects caused by the cooling of the steel ingot.More about:hot forging steel